Scalable cell architectures for CO₂ electroconversion

As CO₂ electrolysis matures, the step towards scalable stacks becomes more urgent. Practical deployment of this technology brings a series of requirements regarding high current density, low energy consumption, high Faradaic efficiency and long lifetime. The typical challenges in CO₂ electrolysis, such as controlling water management, salt deposition, heat management, CO₂ utilization and electrode lifetime, confine the cell architectures that have potential to operate at scale in practical conditions. In this talk, I will show the state-of-the-art CO₂ electrolysis technology, and indicate the route towards scale-up. What needs to be done for GDE- and MEA-based configurations, and are fully aqueous cells maybe still able to operate at high partial current density? We will show opportunities for development of CO₂ conversion towards MW-scale electrolyzer stacks.